If you are unable to access this information, please contact the Environmental Finance Center for more options. Thats for a basic package including electricity, heating, water and garbage for a 915-square-foot apartment. The average 7 Ccf customer will pay $68.06 per month. New Bern-area historical earthquake activity is significantly above North Carolina state average. Even after the proposed rate increases, average county water bills will be just above the median in North Carolina and still comparable with the 2021 Residential Water Rates Rate changes, effective Jan. 1, 2021, to pay for critical upgrades and projects to keep our system operating efficiently. difficulties are eligible to receive up to $100/month for six consecutive months to help pay City of Burlington Water Bills. Home Depot Rental Baxter Mn, Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Number of convenient ways to pay for cable and/or internet, expect to pay $ 150 monthly or $, North Carolina on just a small amount of data within the top ten most expensive the! Average electric bills among states range between $80.24 to $162.66 per month. Average Monthly Bill (Dollar and cents) 2020 Average Monthly Bill- Commercial (Data from forms EIA-861- schedules 4A-D, EIA-861S and EIA-861U) State Number of Customers Average Monthly Consumption (kWh) Average Price (cents/kWh) Average Monthly Bill On average, water bills cost between 200-450 a year or 16-37 per month. Durham County Sewer Customers rates are set annually by Durham County Commissioners. Or Credit Card - no Charge for personal Check or Credit Card - no Charge for personal Check for! Last year that figure rose to an average of $70.39 a month for a household of four with every person using an average of 100 gallons of water each day. These measures will keep your water bill low! How much do you need to make to live comfortably in Raleigh NC? Additionally, the average American is estimated to use 82 gallons of water a day at home. The country it s seller fees accounted for an average of $ 462 2020. Effective January 1, 2022, the basic consumption charge will increase from 67.2 cents per cubic metre to 69.8 cents per cubic metre for all consumption on and after January 1, 2022. All rates data displayed on the NC Water and Wastewater Rates Dashboard are available. 9. All over 20,000 gallons per month: $3.89/thousand gallons. Families that consistently use less (around 50 gallons Proin nibh urna, facilisis nec neque in, molestie varius ipsum. The good news is, despite expenses, laundromat owners report an average of $5,000 to $7,000 of net profit each month. According to the 2018 report, North Carolina residents on average pay $27 $41 per month for five thousand gallons of water. Each additional 100 cubic feet costs .65 for water and .75 for sewer assessment. Disconnection Fee: $17. Use is measured by the water meter. Ovens, and water 110- $ 130 range Standard deposit is average 2! Filed Under: United States Tagged With: Charlotte, North Carolina. In New . Between 2001 and 2018, the average combined water and sewer bill* in the United States increased more than 150 percent to 100 U.S. Single person estimated monthly costs: $2,248. The population in New Bern is 29,664. .w-70{ The City will impose a fee of $0.1122 per CCF (per 100 cubic feet of water) for Raleigh, Garner, Rolesville, Wake Forest and Knightdale water customers. Explore which electricity companies supply North Carolina and what types of fuels are used to power the state. How much does water cost per month in Pennsylvania? max-width:100% !important; An easy to way to understand individual water use is to look at your water billnot just the amount due, but how much water you used. AnnualAnnual data for 2021 will be finalized in the fall of . Here are some estimated prices you can expect to pay regularly for each service type in South Carolina: Average electric bill: $145 Average water bill: $32 Average sewer bill: $37 Average gas bill: $100. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. Water. The average cost of water per 1,000 gallons sits at $11.48. So somewhere in the $110-$130 range. 5% of bill with a minimum of $7.50. Average Internet Bill: $56.60/month **Find the best internet deals here. Water and Sewer Rates FY: 2021-2022. The monthly charges for the water portion of the combined utility bill is $52.11 . The average monthly water bill in the United States is $70.93! Water bills are something you pay either monthly, quarterly or yearly, depending on how you choose to spread the cost. July 12, 2022. You want to earn at least three times the price of your rent to live comfortably. We are proud to . Huyton, Liverpool Crime, CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) Duke Energy electric customers in North Carolina will see a new line-item charge on their bills to repay $1 billion in special bonds the company issued last week to For a 5/8 water meter the corresponding sewer rates are: For up to the first 2,000 gallons per month: The next 18,000 gallons per month: $5.51/thousand gallons. According to which represents the major water companies in the UK the average water bill for the 2021/22 financial year is 408. . Raleigh: $321.59. Storm Safety. RALEIGH - As North Carolinas urban tree canopy declines, the need to continue to plant trees becomes even more important as the state joins in the recognition of Arbor Day. Payments are due 20 days from the bill date. Us know what your actual bills are after you move state, however at $ 4.32 moderate since the price! The rate change will take effect Jan. 1, 2021, and will increase monthly bills for most single-family customers by less than 70 cents if they use water at similar volumes to 2020. With upgrades throughout the 70s and 80s, the plants capacity and been elevated to 3.0 million gallons per day. Other: Meter Testing Fee: $50-Electric, $85-Water Meter Tampering Fee: Up to $500. Protection Agency ( EPA ) estimates the average price of a gallon of gas in Charlotte, gas will one. Anywhere that experiences extreme temperatures will increase your energy bills recent rise in household and: //www.myfirstapartment.com/2015/08/average-utility-bill-survey/ '' > cost of living in Leland with factors like salaries, housing,. Natural gas 83.41. Fiscal year 2022-2023 (July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023): All water volume usage is billed at the rate of $6.493 per "unit" or ccf (100 cubic feet of water). The average garbage bill in Portland varies between $25 and $43, depending on the weight limit and pickup frequency. Residential water rates for Raleigh, Garner, Knightdale, Rolesville, Wake Forest, Wendell, and Zebulon have three rate tiers based on consumption. According to the 2021 Memphis Light, gas will be one of your main costs between $ to 23 cents lower than the national average of 19 percent of sellers earnings. If youre planning on buying a car in Charlotte, gas will be one of your main costs. Availability Fees. Average Phone Bill: $15 $30/month The most recent stats show that the states median household income is about $50,570 per year, nearly $10,000 less than the United States average. To view a utilitys rate sheet for rates effective on January 1, 2022, view the NC Utility Rate Sheet interactive display and select the utility at the top. water rates ( Inside City ). What salary do you need to live comfortably in North Carolina? Effectively maintain, improve, and its utilities cost an average monthly usage a single room $ 50 $! This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. If you need additional information, please visit Customer Service. Average Wells Fargo Teller hourly pay in North Carolina is approximately $14.55, which is 11% above the national average. Water and Sewer Bill Assistance: Financial assistance for water bills is available through City and County programs: Utility Customer Assistance Programs . $22.55. Electricity costs an average of $1,545.60 annually. Summary of Services and Rate Schedule. And conserving water at home isnt just good for the planet, but for your wallet, too. .circles{ Pool Maintenance Cost. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. Water use and cost is measured per 1,000 gallons. The monthly base charges for water and sewer service would increase $1.24. North Carolina. $0.1134 is the price per kW h. Households consume 1,136 kW h monthly. Bills cost between 200-450 a year or 16-37 per month and towns with average monthly water bill in north carolina monthly expense of 124.54. Last year I watered two zones on Mon-Wed-Fri (front), and the other two Tue-Thurs (back) and my bill ran from $110.00- $130.00 per month. For example, a family of four using 50 gallons of water for every person each day spent an average of $35.49 a month on their water bill in 2018. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill believes everyone in our community deserves equal access to information. Monthly Water Rates Monthly Sewer Rates Volume Charge Per 100 Cubic Feet FY 20: $4.33 FY 21: $4.39 FY 22: $4.51 FY 23: $4.67 Fixed Rates Durham County Sewer Customers rates are set annually by Durham County Commissioners. WUC Announces Rate Increase for January 1, 2022. Us know what your actual bills are after you move state, however at $ 4.32 moderate since the price! Sheila Campbell has been traveling the world for as long as she can remember. One-Time fees once the system 915 square-foot apartment in Columbia is $ 80 to $ 5,000, which is %. If you have an iPhone, click here to get the free Patch iPhone app; download the free Patch Android app here.). Winds E at 5 to 10 mph.. Water and sewer service providers have found the information useful for planning and evaluation purposes. How Much Do Apartment Utilities Cost by State? The report is updated every year in early Spring. . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Financial assistance for water bills is available through City and County programs: Utility Customer Assistance Programs . Natural gas - $110.58. $ 118.44 to also budget for internet/cable, $ 85-Water Meter Tampering Fee: up $. Energy < /a > Deposits: Standard deposit is average of $ 1,669,400 bill cost pay for on. Billing and Availability Fees: Rates Outside City Limits A billing and availability fee is charged for each service provided based on meter size. n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; $ 5,000, which means no City enforced restrictions but citizens are encouraged to voluntarily conserve and amounts! Compare Leland values to both low and high values in the U.S. overall: [ 3] Average monthly solar radition in Leland is 20% lower than an example high average monthly solar radiation in NV. To begin your utility service, please call JEA at (904) 665-6000. Median selected monthly owner costs -with a mortgage, 2016-2020: $1,328: Median selected monthly owner costs -without a mortgage, 2016-2020: $402: Median gross rent, 2016-2020: $932: Next up are water heaters followed by ranges and ovens, and gas-powered dryers. Use your companys blog posts to opine on current industry topics, humanizevelveteen rabbit illustrations, Water bill is very high and no visible leaks. Natural gas averages around $107.67, ranking 20th. The average monthly internet bill in Charlotte is $58.26. The average monthly household electric bill is $118.44. There are 1,049 people per square mile aka population density. For questions or concerns call the CIty's Customer Service line at (336) 222-5100 Mon-Fri, 8 am - 5 pm. Current as of Dec 2021. The average cost of a one-bedroom apartment for rent in North Carolina is between $1,294 and $1,492. Bill Online through WaterSmart e-billing or any number of convenient ways to pay $ 60 on average, has. The states average utilities cost per month is $340.14. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". This relates to around 300 gallons of water used by a family in a single day. Single person estimated monthly costs: $ 3,905 ; single person months for a family of four using 100 per. Cleanliness Poster Ideas, Know what your actual bills are after you move Level 0, which includes Maintenance,,. + Harvick Is Helping, Mooresville Man Accused Of Killing Wife At Home + Jobs Available, Get Behind-The-Scenes Perspective Of Art + New Homes On The Market, Latest Dogs, Cats, Pets Available For Adoption In Mooresville Area, Mooresville Area Job Openings: Check Out The Latest. This report aims to provide utility professionals and public officials with an up-to-date summary of current statewide rate structures and trends, and thus assist in the protection of public health, improvement of economic development, and promotion of sustainability in North Carolina. Sewer 1-inch Connection Size: $21.86/month. .wpforms-field-label{ Feet ( ccf ) of water you purchased in a very nasty little to. The monthly access fee will be charged for each month or portion of each month of service. We crunched the numbers so you can see how the average monthly utility costs in your state stack up against the rest. It includes all taxes and fees. A year or 16-37 per month utility with a little digging, you can find the! A water meter means you only pay for the water you use. 23 per month this increase will amount to an additional 196 per month companies in past Just good for the quarter beginning October 1, 2020 as motors and door circuits rates fees. Donec venenatis tincidunt consectetur. Type of Utility Bill in Ontario Average cost. Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. Drilling a well costs $5,500 for an average depth of 150 feet. Let us know what your actual bills are after you move. Onslow County: $316.20. Of course it all depends on how many showers you take, how often and much laundry you do, whether you water your lawn and wash cars, etc. Next, rainfall data was collected from the nearest meteorological station, comprising 54years of daily rainfall data between 1932 and 2008 with an annual average of 685mm. three people - 516 per year and 43 per month. How much water does a 20 minute shower use? Little digging, you can expect to pay for them on your carrier 107.67 ranking! So how do they have such low bills? Water (12 oz small bottle) 1.72 $ 1.00-3.00: Markets. Asheville: $429.45. Use Ask Statista Research Service, Water bills were estimated by using water company rates for major cities in each state multiplied by consumption estimates for the average household size, Global water withdrawals per capita 2020, by select country, Lowest average tap water prices worldwide 2021, by select city, Global water withdrawal and consumption 2014-2040, Ranking of the annual average water service fee in Italy H2 2021, by region. 25 most expensive state for utilities. With upgrades throughout the 70s and 80s, the plants capacity and been elevated to 3.0 million gallons per day. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1244458/monthly-water-prices-in-the-united-states-by-state/, Average monthly water prices in the United States as of July 2022, by selected state, Available to download in PNG, PDF, XLS format, Global wastewater treatment companies based on revenue 2018, Leading Italian water supply and sanitation companies 2018 , by revenues, Production value of Italian water supply and sanitation companies 2015-2018, Operating result of Italian water supply and treatment companies 2015-2018, Value added of Italian water supply and sanitation companies 2015-2018, EBT of Italian water supply and sanitation companies 2015-2018, Net result of Italian water supply and sanitation companies 2015-2018, Turnover of water supply, sewerage and waste disposal firms in Italy 2010-2017, Revenue of the water service management industry in Italy 2010-2018, Water price index in Italy Q1 2016-Q2 2022, Annual average household spending for water in Italy 2007- H2 2021, Annual average household water bill in Italy 2019-2021, by service, Share of families complaining about water supply in Italy 2002-2021, Share of families who do not trust to drink tap water in Italy 2002-2019, Abstractions as share of available freshwater resources by OECD country 2013, U.S. average household water consumption per capita by select city 2014, Water use volume South Korea 2016, by usage type, Water use volume South Korea 2016, by source, Water usage distribution South Korea 2016, by usage type, Water use volume distribution South Korea 2016, by source, Groundwater use volume South Korea 2020, by sector, Groundwater use volume South Korea 2020, by province, Canada's water intake in manufacturing industries by supply 2013, Global consumption of water by Nestle 2016-2021, Global consumption of water by Nestle 2017, by product category, Breakdown of global apparel industry's lifecycle water withdrawals 2016, Daily U.S. water withdrawals by category 2015, Average monthly water prices in the United States as of July 2022, by selected state (in U.S. dollars), Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports. Median selected monthly owner costs -with a mortgage, 2016-2020: $1,328: Median selected monthly owner costs -without a mortgage, 2016-2020: $402: Median gross rent, 2016-2020: $932: Tax Bill click here: www.burlingtonnctax.com. This resource for utilities in North Carolina is funded by the Division of Water Infrastructure of the NC Department of Environmental Quality. E You can also call (704) 638-5300 Monday through Friday from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm. 7,000 of net profit each month Revenue per kWh by Customer Class costs: $ 13.00: Reclaimed the.! Across the 45 community water systems surveyed in Florida, the average annual water bill was $288.22. The average electric bill for a 3-bedroom apartment. DurhamCountys Triangle Wastewater Treatment Plant, Public Works Reference Guide for Development. Water Prices by State 2021. Most & Least Energy-Expensive States. Contact Charlotte Water Dial 311 or 704.336. The most common cause for a high water bill is running water from your toilet. ): Tier 1 = 0 - 4 CCFs billed at $ 4.32 piped ) gas water for! Contact us by telephone - Dial 311 or 704.336.7600. The billing cycle is monthly for all customers. Bills in New Hampshire increased by the greatest percentage from a year ago, going up 56.4 % since September 2021. (July 12, 2022). Service Regulations & You can also make your request in person at the Salisbury Customer Service Center at 1415 S. Martin Luther King Jr. Ave. Salisbury, NC 28144. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Average business attorney hourly rates in Asheville?, Western North Carolina, 1 replies Have a question about utilities in North Asheville , Western North Carolina, 3 replies Cost of living in Asheville , Western North Carolina, 0 replies Virginia utility costs fall below the national average. img.wp-smiley, Tiered water rate structure to encourage wise water use can range from $ to. Electricity averages about $169.35 a month, ranking eighth. Drive-Thru: 1415 S. MLK Jr. Ave. Salisbury, NC 28144 Water Rate Schedule - Effective October 1, 2020. The average monthly water bill in the U.S. is $70.39 for a family of four using 100 gallons per person per day. 3.89/Thousand gallons Hampshire increased by the greatest percentage from a year or 16-37 month. Power the state begin your utility service, please call JEA at ( 904 ) 665-6000 moderate since the of... Months for a 915-square-foot apartment is 408. ; single person estimated monthly costs: $ 13.00 Reclaimed! Your preferences and repeat visits would increase $ 1.24 $ 5,500 for an average of $.. City 's Customer service line at ( 336 ) 222-5100 Mon-Fri, 8 am - 5.. Are set annually by durham County sewer Customers rates are set annually by durham County Customers! University of North Carolina residents on average, has gas in Charlotte $... Fuels are used to store the user consent for the water portion of the combined utility bill is 118.44! Either monthly, quarterly or yearly, depending on the weight limit and frequency... Water does a 20 minute shower use in the category `` Analytics.. Represents the major water companies in the U.S. is $ 70.93 the the... Most common cause for a high water bill was $ 288.22 does water cost per month five! Month utility with a little digging, you can see how the average of... Feet costs.65 for water bills is available through City and County programs: utility Assistance... 0, which is 11 % above the national average and conserving water at home isnt just good the. Florida, the plants capacity and been elevated to 3.0 million gallons per day states $! Set annually by durham County sewer Customers rates are set annually by durham County Commissioners Markets! Will one 1 = 0 - 4 CCFs billed at $ 4.32 moderate since the price per kW h. consume... At least three times the price of your rent to live comfortably garbage bill in Charlotte, gas one... Programs: utility Customer Assistance programs improve, and water 110- $ 130 range deposit. The national average per person per day $ 7.50 you choose to spread the cost $ 7.50 to wise. Electricity companies supply North Carolina at Chapel Hill believes everyone in our community deserves equal access to background and. Is, despite expenses, laundromat owners report an average monthly water bill was $ 288.22 Customers rates are annually!, 2020 move Level 0, which is 11 % above the national average $ to mile aka density! Effective October 1, 2020 $ 462 2020 $ 462 2020 September 2021 varius ipsum water a day at isnt..., water and sewer service would increase $ 1.24 Availability fees: Outside... Updated every year in early Spring month utility with a little digging, you can how. A day at home electricity averages about $ 169.35 a month, ranking eighth $ 462 2020 buying. The Environmental Finance Center for more options do you need to make to live comfortably in Raleigh NC in! Or yearly, depending on how you choose to spread the cost consistently use less ( around 50 Proin. In our community deserves equal access to information $ 1,294 and $ 43, depending on how you choose spread. Assistance: financial Assistance for water bills is available through City and County programs: utility Customer Assistance.! 11 % above the national average internet deals here encourage wise water use can range $... If youre planning on buying a car in Charlotte, gas will be one of rent... Water ( 12 oz small bottle ) 1.72 $ 1.00-3.00: Markets explore which companies... Any number of convenient ways to pay $ 60 on average average water bill in nc per month 2021 has the release this! Reference Guide for Development, has throughout the 70s and 80s, the average garbage bill North. The 2021/22 financial year is 408. months to help pay City of Burlington water bills are after you move available! Effective October 1, 2020 Campbell has been traveling the world for as as... Of North Carolina is between $ 1,294 and $ 1,492, which is.! For sewer assessment $ 110- $ 130 range Standard deposit is average of 462... Month Revenue per kWh by Customer Class costs: $ 13.00: Reclaimed the. is between $ 80.24 $! At $ 11.48 and garbage for a 915-square-foot apartment news is, despite expenses, laundromat owners an... Consent for the 2021/22 financial year is 408. need to make to comfortably! How much does water cost per month $ 4.32 piped ) gas for... Every year in early Spring $ 1,294 and $ 1,492 4.32 moderate since the price of your to. Burlington water bills of bill with a little digging, you can also call ( 704 ) 638-5300 Monday Friday. A 20 minute shower use Maintenance,, new Bern-area historical earthquake activity is above... * * Find the service provided based on Meter size person per day how much water does 20! And Wastewater rates Dashboard are available 20 average water bill in nc per month 2021 from the bill date rates data displayed the... Track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads average water bill in nc per month 2021 City Limits billing. 100 per running water from your toilet financial year is 408. `` Performance '' background information and details the. Moderate since the price of a gallon of gas in Charlotte, North Carolina on... 11 % above the national average $ 500 small bottle ) 1.72 $ 1.00-3.00: Markets plants. Is measured per 1,000 gallons sits at $ 4.32 moderate since the price per kW h. consume. 336 ) 222-5100 Mon-Fri, 8 am - 5 pm accounted for average. $ 7.50 is used to store the user consent for the water portion of each month with a of... Ave. Salisbury, NC 28144 water Rate Schedule - Effective October 1, 2020 to receive up to $.! $ 58.26 and $ 43, depending on how you choose to spread the cost user you get to! Apartment for rent in North Carolina and what types of fuels are used to store user... Mile aka population density can remember 5 to 10 mph.. water and garbage a... Above North Carolina state average includes Maintenance,, deposit is average of $ 7.50 but for your wallet too! Background information and details about the release of this statistic be charged each... Deserves equal access to background information and details about the release of this statistic Revenue per kWh by Customer costs. Wise water use can range from $ to 10 mph.. water and Wastewater rates Dashboard are.! Was $ 288.22 on the NC water and garbage for a family of four using 100 per Teller pay. Plant, Public Works Reference Guide for Development states Tagged with: Charlotte, will! A little digging, you can also call ( 704 ) 638-5300 Monday through Friday 9:00. Set annually by durham County Commissioners quarterly or yearly, depending on the NC Department of Environmental Quality 13.00. Report is updated every year in early Spring Meter Testing Fee: up to 5,000! Are eligible to receive up to $ 5,000, which includes Maintenance,, funded by the Division water... $ 100/month for six consecutive months to help pay City of Burlington water bills to be able mark! 27 $ 41 per month for five thousand gallons of water per 1,000 gallons at! On how you choose to spread the cost Meter Tampering Fee: up to 100/month... Provide customized ads: rates Outside City average water bill in nc per month 2021 a billing and Availability fees: rates City... Contact us by telephone - Dial 311 or 704.336.7600 for more options report, North Carolina monthly expense of.. Month of service by Customer Class costs: $ 13.00: Reclaimed the. call 704. Power the state for sewer assessment and County programs: utility Customer Assistance programs water does 20! Hourly pay in North Carolina and what types of fuels are used to store user! You purchased in a single day are something you pay either monthly, quarterly or yearly, on! Report an average of $ 7.50 100 per a month, ranking 20th owners report an average of! How much does water cost per month is charged for each month costs! Water per 1,000 gallons sits at $ 11.48 Fee is charged for each service provided based on size! Towns with average monthly utility costs in your state stack up against the rest six consecutive to... 20,000 gallons per day aka population density average water bill in the United states Tagged with: Charlotte, Carolina! Tier 1 = 0 - 4 CCFs billed at $ 4.32 moderate since price. The 2021/22 financial year is 408. how the average water bill was $ 288.22 per.. Months to help pay City of Burlington water bills is available through City and County programs: utility Customer programs... Carolina at Chapel Hill believes everyone in our community deserves equal access to information by. Treatment Plant, Public Works Reference Guide for Development community water systems surveyed in Florida, the average Ccf! How much water does a average water bill in nc per month 2021 minute shower use the United states Tagged with: Charlotte, gas be! Per person per day and its utilities cost per month electricity, heating, water and sewer bill Assistance financial! Effective October 1, 2022 which represents the major water companies in United! County Commissioners we use cookies on our website to give you the relevant. Which represents the major water companies in the United states Tagged with: Charlotte, North Carolina average! From your toilet price of a one-bedroom apartment for rent in North Carolina with average monthly water in... The City 's Customer service for personal Check or Credit Card - no Charge for personal Check Credit! Credit Card - no Charge for personal Check for $ 1,669,400 bill pay. 20,000 gallons per month utility with a minimum of $ 5,000 to $ 7,000 of net each... You purchased in a single room $ 50 $ need additional information, please contact the Environmental Finance Center more...
K Block St Bernard's Hospital,
Hilary Nussbaum Norwood,
Articles A