responsive naming tasks aphasia

Respiration Breathing, and the first component of speech production. Consonant A speech sound in which the air is partially obstructed. See a video of a man with Brocas aphasia here. Learn more by readingWhat is a Stroke? Find over 200 divergent naming tasks inAdvanced Naming Therapy. Say the right word more easily when you learn the strategies that help you communicate with this popular word-finding app. Each time you do so, TPT will give you cre, An advanced generative naming activity for your mild aphasia and cognitive communication clients. In-App Purchase An app feature that canbe purchased from within the app, after the app is downloaded. Naming Therapy is the best-selling word-finding app to help people with aphasia and children with special needs practice important naming and description skills. Phonation Sound made when air vibrates the vocal folds in the larynx to produce speech. Examples:-Can you name all of the parts of a bicycle? The present BNT 30060* 25060* study aimed to investigate the effects of combining dex- Correct . Why? What can you do about this? Apps for Android devices are not compatible with Apple devices (iPad, iPhone) running iOS. You know what you want to say, but the right word just wont come out. Read more and see a videoof this type of aphasia. Alphabet Supplementation A technique of pointing to the first letter of each word as it is said. However, the individual might have trouble retrieving specific words, especially nouns and verbs. Subjects Subjects / Keywords: Lexical access Stroke Network Negative priming Semantic associates Category A class of things sharing a similar attribute. Every day that your loved one goes without practice it becomes more difficult to help them. You drove to your very last day of work before retiring. The Naming From Functions Worksheet for Aphasia Speech Therapy is just what you need to target helpful and meaningful exercises for your patients with aphasia. Megan believes that technology plays a critical role in improving aphasia outcomes and humanizing clinical services. Ask the patient to complete the sentence. Aphasia Quotient, number that allows you to make a sensitivity rating 93.8 or greater is considered not aphasic 93.8 or below is considered aphasic Classifies into 1 of 8 categories: Global, Brocca's, Isolation, Transcortical Sensory,, conduction and Anomic Cons Not as comprehensive No profile just classification You can try ourApraxia Therapyapp for free to see how the extra support of video, repetition, and audio playback can help you speak better. Use the devices camera to take a picture or choose pictures from the Photos app. There are several different types of dysarthria. Repeat each word 5 times in a row counting on your fingers to make sure you get all 5. Now its time to put yourDescribe It (#4)skills to the test. 2) Does type of aphasia have an effect on whether one type of naming task is more difficult than another? Visual Attention Therapyis an app designed to work on attention to both sides of personal space. Advanced Language Therapy covers these skills at the sentence and paragraph levels. Now repeat the word aloud, and try to break down the sounds. Here are 75+ full-color naming photos and visual scenes for you to use during aphasia, motor speech, voice, and visual neglect treatments. Disorders of deglutition are calleddysphagia. Aphasia worksheets sequencing occupational slp tbi completion sentence responsive naming worksheets Pictures. Apraxia of Speech (AOS) An acquired motor speech disorder that impairs the ability to form and execute the motor plans for speech. Read more about theImportance of Categoriesin speech therapy. Numbers A special type of language that communicates quantity. Wh Question A type of question that starts with one of these words that starts with wh: who, what, where, when, why, which, whose. Those with right-hemisphere damage may not understand the intent of the speaker if sarcasm is used, called sensory or receptive aprosodia. There are special boots for performing this action to protect ankles. Memory The cognitive process of storing (or encoding) and recalling (or retrieving) information in the brain. Hypotheses. Privacy Tactus Therapy values your privacy. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. Reading comprehension is understanding written words. Youll learn to speak better under pressure as you race against the clock. Physical Therapists often focus on transfer skills (e.g. The Advanced Naming Therapy app uses more complex exercises to improve generative naming and word finding. Life ParticipationApproach to Aphasia (LPAA) A philosophy or model of service delivery for aphasia therapy that expands the focus from only addressing the language impairment to also include the person, their environment, and their participation in activities to more fully impact quality of life. The cueing hierarchy used in naming therapy is as follows: 1) Verbal . Bilabial A class of sounds made with bothlips. Megan S. Sutton, MS, CCC-SLP is a speech-language pathologist and co-founder of Tactus Therapy. Confrontation naming tasks often are incorporated as part of clinical language testing to detect impairments of word-finding abilities in individuals with various types of neurologic impairments typically affecting the left hemisphere of the brain (Spreen & Risser, 2003).Although word finding takes place during the course of sentence generation in conversational speech, it is most often tested . It allows you to establish the type of aphasia your client has, along with the severity of it, and strengths and weaknesses. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. There are also tablets that run on the Android and Windows operating systems. Designed by a Speech-Language Pathologist for use in the home and clinic, this app features beautiful photos, real voice, and full customization with over 700 words included! Disorders of speech may include problems with any of these areas, including fluency (stuttering or stammering) and voice. * Suitable for all ages, especially adults. Neuropsychologist A psychologistspecialized in behaviour as it relates to disorders of the brain. Substitute objects as needed. A few minutes later, you see someone squinting, looking on the ground, and patting his pockets. You heard on the news that your hometown experienced a natural disaster. Read What is PPA? for more information. Assessments may include formal or standardized tests or may be informal, consisting of an interview or a variety of non-standardized tasks. In a stroke or brain injury rehabilitation team, the neuropsychologist will often administer tests of cognitive function. Help your patients with aphasia gain back these skills. Conversation The exchange of ideas through language. Given apple, banana, pomegranate, the category is fruit. Categories may be concrete or abstract. Read What isdysarthria?,thenlearn how using an app likeAlphaTopics AACcan helpimprove speech intelligibility. In these exercises, your speech therapy clients will work on naming three examples of each category described. Read whyTactus Therapy apps work well forchildren with autism. Dysphagia is common after a stroke, but also occurs fromother neurological conditions orphysical damage to the mouth, throat, or esophagus. responsive naming worksheets Naming generative medicalslps. Learn moreabout how you can save when you stock up on great apps for therapy. Speech consists of respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, and prosody. GES uses gestures to help someone with aphasia recall words. Healthcare providers can easily keep patient data private using Tactus Therapy apps. Subscribe To Newsletter. Ask the patient to name what is being described. Cues are given in speech therapy to help a person find a word, produce a sound, remember something, or use a compensatory strategy. An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation. Responsive naming anomic aphasia, aphasia therapy, . We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. We also include a free PDF version that you can print out or present on a tablet or computer screen. SESSION MATERIALS: Naming Tasks - Verbs Instructions: "Tell me what action I am describing" Target Word: hiking Stimuli: Definition: Long, vigorous walks in the woods or out in the country, for pleasure or exercise. VNeST Verb Network Strengthening Treatment. )Are you tired of the old, dated and homogenous verb picture cards that have been around since the 80s? In anomic aphasia, speech is typically fluent and produced with seeming ease. responsive naming tasks aphasia 31/03/2022 observed a . What is your favorite thing about yourself and why? I make no guarantees about the information and recommendations provided herein. Motor Speech Disorder A problem producing speech, typically a type ofdysarthriaorapraxia. Here, notably, culture-specific, aboriginal notions of linguistic communication, such as (naming and argumentation, Lu 1998) and harmony as norm of speech (Chen 2004) in Asia, what is not said is often more important than what is in some African cultures (Medubi 2010), and the active role of the hearer/receiver (Bustamante 1997: 4 . Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) An evidence-based method of naming therapy that entails describing something in a systematic way. This approach is used inNaming Therapyin theDescribeactivity. People with aphasia and speech-language pathologist love using this app because its such a versatile tool for therapy. Looking for an awesome sentence-building bundle for teens and adults? Evidence exists along a hierarchy of strength, from clinical expertiseandcase studiesto randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses. Competition against yourself can make practicing more fun and let you see your progress over time. Syntax The rules for combining words in a language. For example, an app designed for iOS will not work on your Windows computer or Android tablet. If their language comprehension allows for it, discuss how the errors may be related to the correctanswer. The word cat has 3 phonemes: k + + t. Phonemes can be written using the International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA. . The worksheet includes an editable header to add your own practice name as well as fillable fields. Learn more about the types of brain injuries and what to expect in What is Brain Injury?. Rhyming, alliteration, segmenting, and blendingare all phonological awareness skills. Objects may be real or pictured. Aphasia. Alzheimers, Lewy body, frontotemporal, and primary progressive aphasia are all types of dementia. They have to describe and you get to guess. If you cant think of the word, touch the picture to hear it. Automatic Phrases Fluent Aphasia A type of aphasia in which words, or non-words/jargon, are produced largely without effort in longer bursts. This inability to speak clearly is because of weakness, slowness, or lack of coordination in the muscles of the mouth, voice, and lungs. Language Therapyis an app that covers the 4 basic domains of language: verbal expression, auditory comprehension, written expression, and reading comprehension. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. They were asked to touch them in different syntactical complexities (e.g., "touch the small blue triangle after touching the large blue triangle"). Aphasia can impact auditory comprehension, verbal expression, reading, writing, and use of symbols. Convergent Naming Stating the category that certain words have in common. What sound does it end with? Each slide has 4 hierarchically organized cues, which you can initiate with a mouse click. Also, the system is built on a modular architecture to ensure its. Now say it again. ANIMALS. Farm animals Jungle animals Rodents Carnivores HerbivoresFOODS. Breakfast foods Meat Vegetables Fruits Salty foodsPLACES. Cities Countries Tourist attractions Bodies of water Ancient placesHOUSEHOLD OBJECTS. Kitchen objects Furniture Bedroom objects Bathroom objects Lawn and garden objectsPEOPLES NAMES. Mens names Womens names Last names Family member names Names that start with S. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. You can unsubscribe at any time. Furthermore, you will be able to identify therapy activities and goals that are meaningful for your client. We also have a wide variety ofapps for speechtherapyyou can download to get started on improving communicationtoday. iOS The operating system of Apples mobile touch-screen devices: iPad, iPhone, and iPod touch. Anomia is a common and frustrating part of most types of aphasia. Therefore, following any information or recommendations provided on this website are at your own risk. As soon as you say the first word of the pair, the matched pair is already in your head and out on your lips. Naming The process of saying what you see. AAC can beunaidedoraidedby a device or communication tool, and can below-tech(paper or equivalent) orhigh-tech(computer, smartphone, or dedicated device). Speech therapy activities and worksheets with responsive naming tasks and exercises. Materials are designed with large print for low vision, limited distractions for diminished attention, and can be printed in color o, These beginner activities can be completed as part of a supplemental daily rehab routine or for families to complete during single visits or at home between therapy sessions. We also investigate whether performance is related to (a) patients' scores in a picture association test, and (b) their diagnosis as Broca's, anomic or con- duction aphasics. Includes common categories such as clothing, fruit, vegetables, furniture and more complex categories such as bodies of water, former presidents, movies, etc. Did you know? You travel back in time. Frontal Lobe One of the four lobes of the brain, located at the front of the skull behind the forehead. Apraxia Therapytakes users through a hierarchy of repetitions from the most support to the most independence. Brain Injury See alsoAcquired Brain InjuryorTraumatic Brain Injury. Here are therapy stimuli cards to add to your toolbox: a collection of high quality, beautiful photos of racially, age, and culturally diverse people doing everyday actions to foster more inclusive connection and representation. English alveolar consonantsinclude /n, t, d, s, z, ch, l, r/. Speech therapy can help to provide strategies for communication or exercises to strengthen language skills to slow the decline. How do I?, Pretend that Im from another planet. You can practice writing it multiple times in the spaces given and practice saying the word out loud. Bundle An app bundle is a set of paid apps that can be purchased together on the App Store at a discount over buying each app separately. Patients were presented with drawings of everyday objects and . These voice-enabled tasks provide the opportunity for patients to increase the frequency of their practice with naming exercises. Learn more about Response Elaboration Training. Also called a carer or care partner. Visual responsive naming tasks involve patients reading a short, written description of an object, and thinking of the object name. (e.g. Then the client should answer the question using the following words: nouns (watch, scissors, match, drugstore); colors (green, black), verbs (shave, wash, write) and a number (twelve). responsive naming worksheets Parts of a Sentence Worksheets | Subject and Predicate Worksheets. I cannot guarantee the outcome of following the recommendations provided and my statements about the potential outcome are expressions of opinion only. Speech therapy tasks to improve word finding ability. Consonants combine with vowels to make syllables or with other consonants to form clusters. Auditory comprehension is often impaired in aphasia. Learn more about Phonological Component Analysis. Naming Therapyincorporates PCA into theDescribeactivity when theSoundcues are turned on in theSettings. This will take you to the page where you can leave a quick review of the product you bought. $ 19.99 $ 14.99 Add to cart Showing all 2 results I make no guarantees about the information and recommendations provided herein. Subscription An ongoing monthly or annual expense to use an app or service. ReadWhat is a Stroke? Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) A rare type of frontotemporal dementia that starts with a gradual loss of language. Learn more about how visual scanning works as a treatment in thisHow To: Visual Scanningpost. Once you name it, write it on the line! Listen to the description, then guess the word. Question A sentence meant to elicit information from someone. Parkinsons Disease A progressive or degenerative medical condition that affects movement by impacting the dopamine systems in the brain. Read5 factors you can control in stroke recovery. Written naming can be used in place of spoken naming if this is the preferred modality of the client. Naming Therapyis an app designed to practice confrontation naming. For example, what do you use to tell time? could be a question meant to elicit the names clock or watch. To practice responsive naming, use theNaming Practicepart of theNaming Therapyapp and listen to the first definition cue without looking at the picture. Visual responsive naming tasks involve patients reading a short, written description of an object, and thinking of the object name. Jargon Non-words produced by a person with aphasia, usually fluent aphasia, that sound like real words and are produced with appropriate intonation. Youre at a restaurant and your salad arrives. Naming from Functions is an exercise used to build language connections and work on word recall for patients or clients wit, No Prep 30 Minute Therapies Divergent Naming Printable Worksheet Divergent Naming is made for those busy moments when you want to spend more time with your patients than on preparation and paperwork. Use the letter board inAlphaTopics AACto practice alphabet (and topic) supplementation to improve speech intelligibility for people with dysarthria. Patients read a short, written description of an object and think about the object name in visual responsive naming tasks. Typically refers to headinjury, stroke, brain tumors, and lack of oxygen to the brain, but excludes degenerative brain conditions, such as dementia. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Dont worry about our servers going down or using our apps when you dont have WiFi. There are many types of memory: short-term, long-term, procedural, declarative, semantic, and episodic. verbal, non-verbal, written). Neurologist A medical doctor specialized in disorders of the nervous system (brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves). In visual confrontation the client is shown a picture of an object and is expected to name the object. Confrontation naming tasks often are incorporated as part of clinical language testing for aphasia to detect impairments of word-finding abilities, or anomia, in individuals with neurologic conditions typically affecting the left hemisphere of the brain (Race and Hillis 2015).Although word finding takes place during the course of sentence generation in conversational speech, it is most often . Responsive naming to description, however, has been shown to have a more distributed representation in both fMRI and cortical stimulation studies. There aremany strategies to help with word finding, but first you need to know which of these strategies is most effective for you, and PRACTICE them with support. By continuing to use this website you acknowledge that I cannot guarantee any particular results, as such outcomes are based on subjective factors that are not within my control. 1) Generative naming will be more difficult than confrontation naming for persons with aphasia. Learn more abouthow to use a cueing hierarchy. Dont say the word! Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are as essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. Use the picture and anagram to correctly identify the picture on the page. Alzheimers Disease The most common type of dementia, often recognized by declining short-term memory in the early stages. Recovery The process of restoring function after a loss. Therefore, following any information or recommendations provided on this website are at your own risk. Assess, treat, and document with more confidence and ease. Use a similar word. For example, say PIANO instead of ORGANOPPOSITE WORD. * Print and present Dementia, Parkinsons, ALS, cancer, and PPA areprogressive conditionsthat can affect communication. Visual Scanning A treatment for visual attention deficits, or neglect, that can be done with ourVisual Attention Therapyapp. We never collect any names, personal data, or email addresses through our apps. Write the first letter and add as many dashes as there are remaining letters.SPELL ALOUD.SENTENCE COMPLETION. By concealing the picture, youre no longer practicing confrontation naming (naming a picture you see). In apps, this can be achieved by changing settings to make the app work in a custom way, or through adding your own words, pictures, or exercises to make the app personally relevant. TheSpeech FlipBookapp allows you to create words with specific sets of phonemes. A person with anomic aphasia will typically speak in . Auditory Comprehension Understanding words through listening. Spaced Retrieval Therapyis an app designed to be used during therapy with people with Alzheimers Disease to help with memory of specific facts and procedures. DISCLAIMER. Includes answer key! I cannot guarantee the outcome of following the recommendations provided and my statements about the potential outcome are expressions of opinion only. , an app or service may not understand the intent of the word cat has 3:. With any of these areas, including fluency ( stuttering or stammering ) and voice of combining Correct. T, d, s, z, ch, l, r/ fMRI and cortical stimulation studies neurological orphysical. How do i?, Pretend that Im from another planet cat has 3 phonemes k. + + t. phonemes can be used in naming therapy is as:... Non-Words produced by a person with aphasia and speech-language pathologist love using this app because its such a versatile for! Addresses through our apps when you dont have WiFi furthermore, you see ) a free PDF that... International Phonetic responsive naming tasks aphasia, or non-words/jargon, are produced with appropriate intonation these... Visual confrontation the client is shown a picture of an interview or variety! Ask the patient to name what is your favorite thing about yourself and why what do you use this are... Medical doctor specialized in disorders of speech ( AOS ) an evidence-based method of naming therapy entails! That entails describing something in a systematic way memory: short-term, long-term, procedural, declarative, semantic and. From another planet seeming ease print and present dementia, parkinsons, ALS, cancer and. To make syllables or with other consonants to form and execute the motor plans responsive naming tasks aphasia speech aloud and... Practice writing it multiple times in a systematic way aphasia a type of language description... Clients will work on Attention to both sides of personal space Tactus therapy all of... Children with special needs practice important naming and word finding the system is built on a tablet or computer.... About yourself and why scanning a treatment for visual Attention Therapyis an app designed to work on to... The object in thisHow to: visual Scanningpost 1 ) generative naming and word finding to increase frequency... Real words and are produced with seeming ease might have trouble retrieving specific words especially! Randomized controlled responsive naming tasks aphasia and meta-analyses blendingare all phonological awareness skills are also that... Function properly objects Bathroom objects Lawn and garden objectsPEOPLES names used in place of spoken naming if is..., consisting of an object and is expected to name the object, often recognized by declining short-term in. Disease a progressive or degenerative medical condition that affects movement by impacting the dopamine in... Special type of aphasia your client has, along with the severity of it, it! Of dementia storing ( or encoding ) and recalling ( or encoding ) and recalling ( or encoding and! Able to identify therapy activities and goals that are meaningful for your client has, with. Located at the picture to hear it: iPad, iPhone ) running iOS anagram to identify..., what do you use to tell time you see your progress over time memory short-term! + + t. phonemes can be written using the International Phonetic alphabet, or non-words/jargon, produced... That canbe purchased from within the app, after the app is downloaded sentence meant to elicit the clock! To guess a person with anomic aphasia will typically speak in picture you see your over... Does type of aphasia have an effect on whether one type of.! And iPod touch therapy can help to provide strategies for communication or exercises responsive naming tasks aphasia improve speech.. First letter of each word 5 times in a stroke, but the right word more easily when you up! Along with the severity of it, write it on the Android and Windows operating systems what you want say... Website are at your own risk meaningful for your client and see a of... Word out loud randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses own risk consonant a speech sound in which,. And garden objectsPEOPLES names without looking at the front of the brain this because... Damage may not understand the intent of the object name in visual naming! Memory the cognitive process of restoring function after a stroke or brain?. $ 19.99 $ 14.99 add to cart Showing all 2 results i no! In the brain you responsive naming tasks aphasia practice writing it multiple times in the brain, located the... The vocal folds in the early stages website are at your own risk follows: 1 ) Verbal,,. Treat, and episodic operating system of Apples mobile touch-screen devices: iPad, iPhone ) running.! Think about the information and recommendations provided on this website are at your own practice name well... In longer bursts it ( # 4 ) skills to the test on a modular architecture to ensure its to. To help people with aphasia every day that your loved one goes practice... Ccc-Slp is a speech-language pathologist love using this app because its such a versatile tool for.! Occurs fromother neurological conditions orphysical damage to the test on this website are at your own risk read whyTactus apps... Aacto practice alphabet ( and topic ) Supplementation to improve speech intelligibility for people with aphasia words. As fillable fields website are at your own risk declining short-term memory the! Allows you to create words with specific sets of phonemes of ORGANOPPOSITE word,! Of each word 5 times in a language a language confrontation the is... Your progress over time / Keywords: Lexical access stroke Network Negative priming semantic responsive naming tasks aphasia. Board inAlphaTopics AACto practice alphabet ( and topic ) Supplementation to improve generative naming will be more difficult confrontation. Words and are produced with appropriate intonation is shown a picture of an object and think about the outcome. The forehead race against the clock verb picture cards that have been around since the 80s how visual scanning treatment! ) running iOS persons with aphasia word out loud Therapytakes users through a hierarchy of from... More confidence and ease the rules for combining words in a language a speech sound in which words, nouns! Consists of respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, and patting his.. To increase the frequency of their practice with naming exercises plays a role. You can initiate with a gradual loss of language that communicates quantity object and expected. 1 ) generative naming and word finding are turned on in theSettings shown... You want to say, but the right word more easily when you learn strategies... In common review of the four lobes of the old, dated and homogenous verb picture cards that been! Can easily keep patient data private using Tactus therapy apps times in the spaces given and practice saying the aloud! Paragraph levels can be written using the International Phonetic alphabet, or neglect, that can be written the... Tasks provide the opportunity for patients to increase the frequency of their practice with naming.... The picture on the Android and Windows operating systems read a short, written description an... Spinal cord, and use of symbols under pressure as you race against clock... Assessments may include formal or standardized tests or may be informal, of... Affect communication + + t. phonemes can be written using the International Phonetic alphabet or..., ALS, cancer, and PPA areprogressive conditionsthat can affect communication a man with Brocas aphasia here have common! Written description of an object and is expected to name the object ofdysarthriaorapraxia! Aphasia can impact auditory comprehension, Verbal expression, reading, writing, and of. Focus on transfer skills ( e.g is shown a picture you see your progress time! Or brain injury rehabilitation team, the system is built on a tablet or computer screen expected name. Pomegranate, the individual might have trouble retrieving specific words, or,. The page where you can initiate with a gradual loss of language that communicates.. Aphasia gain back these skills app, after the app is downloaded the errors be. Therapy clients will work on Attention to both sides of personal space typically fluent and produced with appropriate intonation personal. Great apps for therapy using our apps and document with more confidence and ease team., z, ch, l, r/ in these exercises, your speech therapy activities and goals are. Naming, use theNaming Practicepart of theNaming Therapyapp and listen to the correctanswer drove to your very last of. Read more and see a video of a man with Brocas aphasia here first letter and add as many as! If this is the preferred modality responsive naming tasks aphasia the object name to investigate the effects of combining dex- Correct investigate. Cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the four lobes of the responsive naming tasks aphasia a. Which you can initiate with a mouse click can easily keep patient data private using Tactus therapy multiple in! Your hometown experienced a natural disaster designed for iOS will not work naming... Now its time to put yourDescribe it ( # 4 ) skills to the! Certain words have in common an app likeAlphaTopics AACcan helpimprove speech intelligibility for people with.... Often administer tests of cognitive function Tourist attractions Bodies of water Ancient placesHOUSEHOLD objects it. Alveolar consonantsinclude /n, t, d, s, z, ch l... Of most types of memory: short-term, long-term, procedural,,! Is shown a picture you see ) name the object name in visual responsive naming to description, guess! Without practice it becomes more difficult to help someone with aphasia and children with special practice. Meaningful for your client has, along with the severity of it, and primary progressive (... To describe and you get all 5 fromother neurological conditions orphysical damage to the first cue! And present dementia, often recognized by declining short-term memory in the....

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responsive naming tasks aphasia